Archive for animal feed

Rising Colistin Use in Animal Feed Linked to Increased Antibiotic Resistance in Humans, Study Finds

Colistin use in animal feed is fueling antibiotic resistance in humans. How can we protect both animal welfare and human health?

Consider a scenario in which animal health management is jeopardized by the abuse of one of humanity’s most potent antibiotics. This is the developing reality due to the overuse of colistin in animal feed. Colistin, a last-resort antibiotic for multidrug-resistant human illnesses, is often used to prevent sickness and enhance animal growth, notably dairy cattle. Research conducted by the University of Oxford and the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, demonstrates an alarming increase of colistin-resistant E. coli in the environment and cattle. The abuse of human antibiotics in animal feed contributes to worldwide antibiotic resistance, jeopardizing consumer health and market viability. We must end this practice and implement improved hygiene standards and alternative growth alternatives to protect dairy farming and public health. Learn about options for reducing antibiotic usage in cattle and ensuring a sustainable future for dairy production.

Resurfacing of Colistin: The Critical Last-Resort Antibiotic 

Colistin, commonly known as polymyxin E, is an antibiotic that has gained popularity owing to its ability to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. It was discovered in the late 1940s, but its usage in human medicine has declined dramatically as less harmful alternatives have become available. However, with the increase in antibiotic-resistant infections in recent decades, colistin has resurfaced as a crucial last-resort therapy, especially for severe conditions like pneumonia. The value of colistin in human medicine cannot be emphasized. As healthcare facilities battle with rising antibiotic resistance, colistin remains one of the only viable treatments for otherwise incurable bacterial illnesses. Recognizing its crucial significance, the World Health Organization has designated colistin as a critically important antibiotic. This classification emphasizes the need to maintain effectiveness via tight regulatory mechanisms governing its usage in human healthcare and other industries like agriculture.

Global Synergy to Combat Antibiotic Resistance 

The study is a significant international collaboration among a network of prestigious institutions, including the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, the University of Agriculture in Faisalabad, the National Institute of Health in Pakistan, Ahmadu Bello University in Nigeria, Dhaka Medical College Hospital in Bangladesh, and Cardiff University. This vast collaboration demonstrates a concerted effort to address the rising problem of antibiotic resistance across several geographic locations. The study presents solid evidence of the widespread use of colistin in agricultural techniques in low- and middle-income nations, including Pakistan, Nigeria, and Bangladesh. A key result is that, despite prohibiting colistin usage in domestic agriculture, high-income countries continue to export this crucial antibiotic to places where it remains the primary choice owing to prohibitive prices or restricted access to other therapies. This practice dramatically contributes to the increasing frequency of colistin-resistant E. coli bacteria in the environment and cattle, presenting a danger to world health.

Escalating Resistance in Pakistan: A Stark Reality 

The researchers used a systematic technique to collect and evaluate samples from diverse environmental sources and cattle in Pakistan. Their results indicated an alarming presence of colistin-resistant E. coli in 7% of the samples analyzed. This statistic compares sharply with the worldwide average of 4.7%, indicating a considerable departure pointing to a more severe resistance problem in Pakistan.

The samples from the natural environment and animals raised for food demonstrated the extensive prevalence of colistin resistance and its progression to human isolates. This highlights a disturbing trend, indicating that the widespread use of colistin in animal feed contributes to the rise in resistance reported in bacterial strains impacting human populations.

A Grim Prognosis: Colistin’s Agricultural Use Threatens Human Health

The growing use of colistin in animal feed is a problematic agricultural practice that presents a considerable risk to human health. Colistin-resistant bacteria in animals and the environment serve as reservoirs, allowing the transmission of resistance genes to pathogenic bacteria that infect people. The research emphasized This concerning trend, which found a stunning 7% prevalence rate of colistin-resistant E. coli in Pakistan’s livestock and environment, compared to a worldwide average of 4.7%. More dangerously, similar resistance characteristics are identified in human isolates, indicating that agricultural usage of colistin directly contributes to the erosion of its effectiveness in treating human illnesses. Antibiotic resistance is becoming more prevalent due to the ease with which resistant genes such as mcr-1 and mcr-2 propagate across multiple vectors, including water and food supply networks. While colistin remains a last-resort antibiotic for multidrug-resistant infections, its declining efficacy severely restricts treatment choices, creating a serious public health concern.

Expert Insights: Navigating the Complex Terrain of Antibiotic Resistance 

Expert comments from prominent researchers offer insight into the growing problem of antibiotic resistance and suggest mitigating strategies. Professor Timothy Walsh, Research Director of the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, explains the contradiction many high-income nations experience. The use of human antibiotics in animal feed is one of the leading causes of antibiotic resistance worldwide. While many high-income nations have decreased their use of antibiotics in agriculture, they continue to sell medications such as colistin to low- and middle-income countries, he says. He emphasizes the urgent need for efforts to end human-critical antibiotics in agriculture, adding, “We need to stop using human antibiotics for animal feeds.” However, without other options, such a prohibition would result in lower meat output, higher prices, and a loss of revenue for farmers. Therefore, enhanced farm cleanliness and animal care are recommended as interim remedies.

Dr. Mashkoor Mohsin of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, shares similar concerns and calls for a radical change in antibiotic treatment. He believes we must modify how antibiotics are manufactured, traded, licensed, and used in veterinary medicine. He emphasizes combining public health objectives with farmer livelihoods: “At the same time, we cannot ignore animal welfare or farmer welfare in countries such as Pakistan and Bangladesh.” Such a worldwide transformation would need significant commitment from national governments, financial institutions, pharmaceutical corporations, and international trade authorities, indicating the multidimensional effort necessary to solve this critical problem.

Regulatory Gaps and Global Trade: Fueling Colistin Resistance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

The extensive usage of colistin in low- and middle-income nations is due to severe regulatory and trade concerns. While high-income countries have banned colistin from agriculture, they continue to export it to countries with looser restrictions, undercutting global efforts to combat antibiotic resistance. This regulatory void in Pakistan, Nigeria, and Bangladesh allows for substantial colistin usage in animal feed, which promotes colistin-resistant microorganisms. These strains may spread to people by meat intake, direct contact, or the environment.

Colistin is often overused due to a lack of sufficient control, and it is even promoted for pediatric usage under false labeling such as ‘Antibiotic—Antidiarrheal.’ Addressing this problem requires international collaboration and robust national frameworks for controlling antibiotic use in agriculture. Improving trade restrictions to prevent colistin shipments to nations with lax safeguards is critical. Improved monitoring and instructional programs for farms may encourage improved antibiotic stewardship practices.

Failure to solve these regulatory loopholes increases the risk of untreatable infections, endangering millions of lives and damaging modern medicine’s accomplishments. A worldwide effort to bridge these gaps is critical to protecting human and animal health.

Charting a Path Forward: Actionable Solutions to Curb Colistin Resistance in Animal Agriculture 

The research provides numerous practical suggestions for combating antibiotic resistance caused by colistin usage in animal feed. To begin, there is an urgent need to develop and employ new medications purely for animal feed, with human antibiotics reserved for emergencies. Researchers urge financial and technical assistance to farmers in adopting improved hygiene and welfare measures, lowering their dependency on human antibiotics. Improved agricultural hygiene is critical; cleanliness may help avoid illnesses and minimize antibiotic usage. To naturally prevent disease transmission, extensive agricultural management methods are required.

International collaboration and strict regulatory frameworks are also necessary. The report emphasizes the need for coordinated actions from national governments, financial institutions, pharmaceutical corporations, and global trade authorities. Unified policies and incentives, particularly in low- and middle-income nations, are critical for addressing this public health concern.

The Bottom Line

The widespread use of colistin in animal feed aggravates antibiotic resistance, presenting hazards to cattle and humans. Colistin, critical for treating multidrug-resistant diseases in people, is being overused in agriculture, especially in low- and middle-income nations, compromising its efficacy. The research identifies a concerning rise of colistin-resistant E. coli in habitats and food animals, particularly in Pakistan, which mirrors comparable human health issues.

Key results highlight the need for stringent restrictions and viable alternatives in animal agriculture. Many farmers are unaware of the hazards of using human-critical antibiotics for animals, emphasizing the need for education and assistance. The report advocates for a worldwide effort by governments, pharmaceutical corporations, financial institutions, and international authorities to reform antibiotic production, trade, and usage. Antibiotic resistance must be addressed as a communal effort.

Developing alternative livestock medications, improving farm cleanliness, and implementing sustainable animal care methods are critical. Your involvement as a dairy farmer is crucial. Our determined and responsible efforts will determine whether or not we live in a future free of the devastating repercussions of antibiotic resistance.

Key Takeaways:

  • Colistin, a last-resort antibiotic for multidrug-resistant infections in humans, is increasingly used in animal agriculture.
  • Despite bans in some high-income countries, colistin is still exported to low- and middle-income countries where regulatory oversight is weak.
  • The study identified a higher prevalence of colistin-resistant E. coli in food animals and the environment in Pakistan, with resistance observed in 7% of samples, exceeding the global average of 4.7%.
  • Farmers in low-income countries often lack awareness of the consequences of using human antibiotics in animal feed, leading to widespread misuse.
  • Researchers emphasize the need for new, animal-specific antibiotics and improved farming practices to reduce reliance on critical human antibiotics like colistin.

Summary:

The overuse of colistin in animal feed is a growing concern due to its potential to cause antibiotic resistance. Colistin, a last-resort antibiotic for multidrug-resistant human illnesses, is often used to prevent sickness and enhance animal growth, particularly in dairy cattle. However, research by the University of Oxford and the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, shows an alarming increase of colistin-resistant E. coli in the environment and cattle, contributing to worldwide antibiotic resistance. Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, has gained popularity due to its ability to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The World Health Organization has designated colistin as a critically important antibiotic, emphasizing the need for tight regulatory mechanisms governing its usage in human healthcare and other industries like agriculture. A significant international collaboration among prestigious institutions has been conducted to address the rising problem of antibiotic resistance across several geographic locations. High-income countries continue to export colistin to places where it remains the primary choice due to prohibitive prices or restricted access to other therapies. Experts like Professor Timothy Walsh and Dr. Mashkoor Mohsin have provided insights into the growing issue and suggest strategies to combat it, including efforts to end human-critical antibiotics in agriculture and a radical change in antibiotic treatment.

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Why Rising Freight Costs Are Driving Up Amino Acid Prices for Animal Feed

Discover why rising freight costs are driving up amino acid prices for animal feed. How is this impacting the global market and your feed formulations? Find out now.

Rising freight costs suddenly raise vital amino acid prices, critical for animal feed in today’s linked world. Knowing how goods affect the supply chain is essential as farmers and cattle nutritionists deal with these financial changes.

Amino acids, the building blocks of protein, play a crucial role in cattle development and health. The demand for these essential feed-grade amino acids is expected to surge from under $10 million to over $40 million annually by 2031, driven by the global rise in protein-based food consumption. However, accessing these vital feed additives depends on addressing the escalating cost factors.

“The integration of amino acids into feed formulations is crucial for advancing animal health,” says a top veterinarian nutritionist.

However, the surge in demand is accompanied by delivery challenges, particularly the significant increase in freight costs. Most feed-grade amino acids are produced in China, which is now facing substantially higher transportation charges to reach markets in the Americas and Europe. This rise in freight costs is a crucial factor driving the overall price increase.

A Multitude of Forces Drive the Surge in the Global Feed-Grade Amino Acid Market

Rising global protein consumption will fuel notable expansion in the feed-grade amino acid market worldwide between 2021 and 2031. As more people want high-protein meals, the agriculture industry is under increased pressure to raise protein output by improving animal feed.

Furthermore, farmers and animal nutritionists acknowledge amino acids as essential components of feed formulations. Improving animal performance—including growth rates, feed efficiency, and general livestock health—requires these vital components.

Furthermore, environmental advantages are noteworthy. Refining feed formulas helps farmers lower nitrogen excretion and lessen the environmental impact of animal farming. In today’s world of sustainability, this environmentally responsible approach is even more crucial.

Improved meat and dairy product quality guarantees safer consumer consumption standards, so enhanced amino acid supplementation also helps food safety.

The expected increase in the feed-grade amino acid market reflects its general advantages. Rising protein needs, known nutritional benefits, environmental concerns, and food safety drive this increase.

Amid Growth, Diverging Price Trends in Amino Acids Require Strategic Planning

As the global feed-grade amino acid market expands, prices for essential amino acids such as lysine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine exhibit a distinct pattern. While the base prices for these amino acids fell early in 2024, the subsequent rise in container prices from China to the Americas and Europe has balanced this potential advantage. In this context, strategic planning and using long-term contracts to hedge against potential freight price rises become crucial for sector participants.

Though base prices are down, the rise in delivery costs maintains net pricing high. Long-term contracts to protect against potential freight price rises might help sector participants. Given present transport cost uncertainty, analysts predict great demand for these contracts throughout the third and fourth quarters.

Elevated Freight Costs: A Rising Tide Lifting Amino Acid Prices 

Rising freight costs affect the price of amino acids. Rising transportation costs have wiped out savings even if base prices for essential amino acids such as lysine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine are lower. Prices have been greatly influenced by the higher container loads from China to the Americas and Europe—a main route for these chemicals.

Higher fuel prices, logistical problems, and growing demand for shipping all contribute to the ongoing rise in goods costs. Analysts expect this trend to continue through the summer, driving higher costs.

Most amino acids either stay expensive or rise as transportation costs increase, thus offsetting any base price cuts. Given the unstable cargo conditions, stakeholders in the feed sector should consider long-term contracts and strategic planning. Now would be an intelligent time to set rates for Q3 and Q4.

Freight Costs Outweigh Production Challenges in Methionine Pricing

Although operational difficulties and supply chain interruptions cause declining methionine output, freight costs influence pricing more than production concerns. Global transport routes from China to the Americas and Europe have significantly raised goods prices. This neutralized any price relief from softening manufacturing costs, maintaining constant or increasing methionine prices. This emphasizes logistics’s critical role, as transportation costs influence the final product price.

Methionine Prices Surge Amid Navigation of Increasing Freight Costs, Overshadowing Production Challenges

Though methionine output lags behind world demand, more than production variables affect prices—freight rates. Crucial in animal nutrition, methionine has seen supply chains disrupted and slowed down. These problems affect availability, but growing goods costs are more important in increasing pricing. Higher container loads in the logistics industry mean significantly more importation expenses from Asia to the Americas and Europe. This tendency surpasses usual variations in supply-demand-driven pricing. Stakeholders are more concerned with obtaining good freight contracts to minimize adverse price effects as transportation prices increase. Therefore, even if manufacturing inefficiencies increase complexity, the leading pricing effect is freight prices.

Future Trajectory of Amino Acid Prices Hinges on Global Freight Dynamics 

World freight costs will likely determine amino acid pricing. Improved cattle nutrition and the global need for protein-based meals drive the increasing demand for feed-grade amino acids. Still, rising freight charges endanger price stability. Inspired by geopolitical concerns, supply chain problems, and fuel price swings, this pattern points to ongoing growth in shipping prices.

Given growing demand and increased freight prices, forward contracts for Q3 and Q4 could attract considerable attention. Feed producers and livestock growers will probably lock in rates to prevent future cost rises. According to analysts, contracts should be obtained immediately to provide financial security and predictability in a market of uncertainty.

Navigating these problems calls for strategic vision and proactive preparation. Negotiating early and tracking cargo patterns can help offset the effect of rising costs on amino acid pricing, ensuring manufacturers stay profitable and competitive.

The Bottom Line

Higher demand for protein-based diets and improved animal performance via well-chosen feed formulations drive worldwide feed-grade amino acid market expansion. Rising freight expenses from China to the Americas and Europe are raising prices for these feed additives. Although specific amino acid prices are down, more significant transportation costs counteract these declines, driving up prices. Animal feed sector stakeholders must pay great attention to these freight cost changes to control procurement and maintain profitability under changing market circumstances.

Key Takeaways:

  • The market is projected to grow significantly, with demand for ration enhancements expected to quadruple by 2031.
  • Rising global consumption of protein-based food sources is a major driver of this growth.
  • Optimizing feed formulations with amino acids is recognized for improving animal performance, reducing environmental impact, and supporting food safety.
  • Although ingredient prices have softened, escalating freight costs are contributing to higher overall prices for amino acids.
  • Freight rates from China to major markets like the Americas and Europe have surged, influencing the net price of feed-grade amino acids.
  • Despite ongoing production issues, methionine prices are primarily affected by increased shipping costs rather than supply constraints.
  • Industry analysts recommend strategic planning for locking in contracts to mitigate price fluctuations in coming quarters.

Summary:

The global demand for essential feed-grade amino acids is expected to rise from under $10 million to over $40 million annually by 2031 due to the rise in protein-based food consumption. However, accessing these essential feed additives is crucial due to rising freight costs, particularly in China, which faces higher transportation charges to reach markets in the Americas and Europe. The rise in container prices from China to the Americas and Europe has balanced the potential advantage of lower base prices for amino acids. Strategic planning and long-term contracts are essential for sector participants to hedge against potential freight price rises. Freight costs influence pricing more than production concerns in methionine pricing, as global transport routes have significantly raised goods prices. Stakeholders are more concerned with obtaining good freight contracts to minimize adverse price effects. Forward contracts for Q3 and Q4 could attract attention, as feed producers and livestock growers may lock in rates to prevent future cost rises. Negotiating early and tracking cargo patterns can help offset the effect of rising costs on amino acid pricing, ensuring manufacturers stay profitable and competitive under changing market circumstances.

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Whey Prices Surge: Boosting Class III Dairy Values and Shaking Up the Market

Discover how surging whey prices are boosting Class III dairy values and shaking up the market. What’s driving this change and what does it mean for the industry?

black and white labeled bottle

After dropping to a low of 36 cents on April 12 and 15, the whey powder market has shown significant recovery. The CME spot dry whey price has surged to 48 cents per pound, marking the highest price since late February. 

“Domestic demand for high-protein whey products has given a sizable boost to dairy protein values, and processors have directed much of the whey stream into high-protein concentrates,” said Sarina Sharp, analyst with the Daily Dairy Report.

According to USDA data, production of whey protein concentrate (WPC), which contains 50% to 89.9% protein, reached an all-time high in 2023. In the first four months of this year, output for both WPC with 50% to 89.9% protein and whey protein isolates (WPI), which contain at least 90% protein, increased by 9.7% and 9.6%, respectively, compared to the same period in 2022. 

WPC and WPI are utilized as ingredients in: 

  • Infant formula
  • Sports drinks
  • Nutrition shakes

These products are high in protein. In comparison, lower-protein whey powder is often used in animal feed or in human food products, such as baked goods, chocolate and other candies, fortified dairy productsice cream, infant formula, and clinical nutrition products. 

“Increasing output of WPC and WPI, however, has not been enough to push whey powder production below early-2023’s already depressed volumes,” Sharp said. “The combination of modestly higher output and slower exports pushed whey powder prices to six-month lows in mid-April.”

Whey powder production for the January through April period increased by 1.9% compared to the previous year. However, more recently, dry whey production has been slowing down. 

“Plant downtime and the use of whey solids for higher protein concentrates has kept dry whey availability in check,” wrote USDA’s Dairy Market News in a recent report.

“Tighter whey powder inventories have propelled spot whey prices up an impressive 30%, or 11 cents, in less than two months,” Sharp noted. “While most of the drama in the Class III space has occurred in cheese markets, whey has played an important supporting role. Its two-month rally has boosted Class III values by 66 cents.”

Key Takeaways:

  • The whey powder market has rebounded, climbing to 48 cents per pound by late February from mid-April lows.
  • Domestic demand for high-protein whey products has substantially buoyed dairy protein values.
  • Whey protein concentrate (WPC) and whey protein isolates (WPI) production reached record highs in the first four months of 2023.
  • WPC and WPI are popular ingredients in high-protein products like infant formula and sports drinks, while lower-protein whey is used in animal feed and various food products.
  • Despite increased WPC and WPI output, overall whey powder production remains slightly higher than earlier 2023 levels due to slower exports.
  • Reduced dry whey production is due to plant downtime and diversion of whey solids to higher protein concentrates.
  • Tightened whey powder inventories have resulted in a 30% increase in spot whey prices over less than two months.
  • The rally in whey prices has contributed to a 66-cent boost in the Class III values.

Summary:

The whey powder market has seen a significant recovery after dropping to a low of 36 cents on April 12 and 15. The CME spot dry whey price has surged to 48 cents per pound, marking the highest price since late February. Domestic demand for high-protein whey products has given a significant boost to dairy protein values, and processors have directed much of the whey stream into high-protein concentrates. Production of whey protein concentrate (WPC) and whey protein isolates (WPI) reached an all-time high in 2023, with output increasing by 9.7% and 9.6% compared to the same period in 2022. WPC and WPI are used as ingredients in infant formula, sports drinks, and nutrition shakes. However, increasing output of WPC and WPI has not been enough to push whey powder production below early-2023’s already depressed volumes. Whey powder production for the January through April period increased by 1.9% compared to the previous year. Tighter whey powder inventories have propelled spot whey prices up an impressive 30%, or 11 cents, in less than two months.

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